Category: Packaging

The Evolution of Technical Packaging

Discover the fascinating history of Tournaire, a pioneer in technical packaging for nearly two centuries. Embark on an industrial adventure where innovation and adaptation are the key words. From the era of copper to the advent of aluminum, a preferred material for sensitive substances, Tournaire has anticipated its clients’ needs by offering packaging solutions combining lightness, flexibility, and durability.

With particular attention to safety and performance, the company has revolutionized the transport of hazardous and precious materials. The OMNI PLUS range embodies this excellence, offering recyclable aluminum packaging that meets the strictest environmental standards. Be inspired by this industrial epic and discover how Tournaire continues to push the boundaries of innovation for a more sustainable future.

History of a Pioneer

The Copper Era

As the bustling trading city of Grasse added perfumes and flower extracts to its production of olive oil, leather, and gloves, a new guild emerged: the distillers. This emergence led to the development of coppersmiths who had to expand their expertise to the making of stills. In this context, in 1833, Joseph Tournaire, the son and grandson of millers, set up a 40m² workshop at Place de la Roque. By the end of the 19th century, the perfume industry required no less than six coppersmith workshops in Grasse.

Nearly two hundred years ago, Tournaire was the sixth coppersmith shop in Grasse, but the company stood out as a copper specialist equipment supplier during the great industrializations. Perfume companies, in full expansion, transformed more and more raw materials. They sought to eliminate the effects of seasonality. The goal was to continue transforming materials during the season but to store them throughout the year and export them worldwide.

Coppersmiths, experts in metal transformation, understood well the constraints associated with sensitive materials. Tournaire, a copper specialist, then offered suitable packaging solutions. The copper estagnon was born. Perfume companies found in Tournaire a partner capable of meeting their specific needs.

However, aware that welds were the weak point of copper tanks, Tournaire innovated by aiming to reduce the number of welds in its estagnons. Through perseverance, Tournaire, a technical pioneer, reduced the number of welds in its estagnon solutions from three to one. Thanks to this technical innovation, the risk of cracks and leaks was instantly reduced, ensuring better preservation of materials.

Despite its qualities of flexibility, lightness, and solidity, copper has drawbacks: it oxidizes easily, requiring regular tinning, and its cost is relatively high. These constraints led Tournaire to seek more economical and sustainable alternatives.

The Advent of Aluminum

Bauxite was discovered by chemist Pierre Berthier in 1821 in the commune of Baux-de-Provence (Bouches-du-Rhône) while he was searching for iron ore on behalf of Lyon industrialists. He named the discovery “alumina earth from Baux.” This name was transformed into “beauxite” by Armand Dufrénoy in 1847, and then into “bauxite” by Henry Sainte-Claire Deville in 1861. The world’s first industrial aluminum production site using bauxite was established in Salindres in the Gard as early as 1860.

In the 1920s and 1930s, Tournaire explored new alternatives to copper. Taking advantage of its geographical proximity to bauxite sources, Tournaire became interested early on in the benefits of aluminum for packaging its clients’ most sensitive materials.

Staying true to its original goal, Tournaire adhered to its principles of securing sensitive materials and reducing the number of welds. Thus, the company saw aluminum as an ideal solution. Aluminum, indeed, allowed the number of welds to be reduced to zero, eradicating the risk of leaks due to tears or cracks. This advancement marked the beginning of the modern era of packaging, enabling hundreds of thousands of kilos of hazardous, sensitive, rare, expensive, and fragile materials to travel safely around the world.

In addition to its intrinsic advantages of lightness and flexibility, aluminum offers remarkable resistance to corrosion and chemical neutrality, making it ideal for contact with a wide range of molecules. These properties enable the development of high-performance packaging solutions tailored to the growing demands of the perfume industry and other sensitive sectors such as pharmaceuticals. The adoption of this material also improves manufacturing efficiency. It is indeed easier to transform and handle than copper, reducing production costs while increasing the quality and reliability of packaging. This innovation strengthens the position of technical packaging manufacturers capable of meeting their clients’ most demanding needs.

Today, thanks to its innovations and expertise, Tournaire continues to play a pioneering role in the field of technical packaging solutions. Its innovations demonstrate Tournaire’s ability to anticipate its clients’ needs and offer solutions adapted to contemporary industry challenges.

Aluminum, the Obvious Choice

Properties of Aluminum

Aluminum has established itself as the number one choice for high-performance monobloc packaging at Tournaire, and not without reason. Its versatility, mechanical properties, and environmental benefits make it a material of choice for various applications, particularly in the health, chemical, food, and perfume sectors. Here is an in-depth exploration of the many advantages of aluminum in this context.

Ductility and Flexibility

The ductility of aluminum, its ability to be stretched and shaped without breaking, is a major advantage. Aluminum can be described as a “soft metal,” which presents two significant benefits:

Good formability: Aluminum can be transformed into complex designs from a single piece of metal. This ability to create monobloc packaging means that timbales and containers can be produced with mastered clippings, threads, and rollings, ensuring safe industrial manufacturing.

Shock absorption: The flexibility of aluminum allows cans to withstand shocks without tearing or puncturing. This enables them to easily pass drop tests required by hazardous materials regulations, simulating real transport and use conditions. This shock resistance is crucial to ensure the safety and integrity of packaged products, especially hazardous materials.

Ultimate Barrier Properties

The barrier properties of aluminum make it a top choice for packaging intended for health or chemical products, food, and perfumes. Aluminum naturally resists corrosion, ensuring the protection and quality of packaged products over a long period. In addition to protecting against light and moisture, it prevents the penetration of odors and aromas, essential for maintaining the freshness and flavor of the most sensitive molecules.

Tournaire’s packaging can also be varnished to maximize compatibility between the container and the content, particularly for very aggressive contents.

Recyclability

Aluminum is infinitely recyclable without losing its mechanical properties, making it an extremely durable material. Recycling aluminum saves up to 95% of energy resources compared to the production of primary aluminum. Moreover, about 75% of the aluminum produced since the beginning of the 20th century is still in circulation today, demonstrating the durability and longevity of this material.

Thus, the creation of primary aluminum today can be considered the creation of a low-energy resource for the future. The use of recycled aluminum not only reduces energy consumption but also greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to a cleaner and more sustainable environment.

Lightweight

One of aluminum’s main advantages is its lightness. This factor is crucial for the transport of goods as it significantly reduces transportation costs. Indeed, most transportation costs are often invested in the material being transported rather than its container. Aluminum’s lightness thus helps reduce these costs and, consequently, the carbon footprint associated with transportation.

Safety and Neutrality

Aluminum is non-toxic and inert, making it safe for food and pharmaceutical packaging. It does not react with food products, ensuring that it does not alter the taste or smell of packaged food. This chemical inertia is crucial to ensure food safety and product quality over the long term.

Conclusion

In conclusion, aluminum stands out as the material of choice for high-performance monobloc packaging. Its lightness, ductility, recyclability, barrier properties, and safety make it an ideal material for a variety of industrial applications. Using aluminum not only reduces costs and carbon footprint but also ensures the quality and safety of packaged products. By opting for aluminum packaging, companies can meet the growing demands for sustainability and performance while remaining competitive in the market.

Regulations and the Future

Aluminum and the Future of Packaging in a Regulatory Framework

In the future, aluminum will remain a material of choice for packaging due to its unique properties and its ability to adapt to growing environmental requirements. Regulations play a crucial role in this transition towards more virtuous practices. In particular, the AGEC law (Anti-Waste for a Circular Economy) represents a major turning point in France for promoting a circular economy and reducing waste. Adopted and promulgated on February 10, 2020, this legislation proposes a set of measures aimed at improving waste management, encouraging recycling, and promoting the reuse and repair of products.

Objectives of the AGEC Law

The AGEC law revolves around several main objectives aimed at transforming our current economic model:

1. Reduce waste: The law implements measures to reduce waste production. This includes limiting single-use products and encouraging more sustainable product design.
2. Promote reuse and repair: Emphasis is placed on extending product lifespans through reuse and repair practices. This means that products should be designed to be used multiple times or reconditioned for new use.
3. Increase recycling: The law aims to improve recycling rates by developing more efficient recycling channels and strengthening sorting obligations. This involves better separation of materials and more efficient management of recyclable waste.

These objectives are summarized by the 3 R’s: Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle. Packaging, particularly that of Tournaire, is designed to meet these imperatives.

Technical Packaging and the 3 R’s

Reduce

Packaging must have a minimal ecological footprint. This means reducing packaging weight to decrease transportation costs and environmental impact. Moreover, it is crucial to minimize the number of materials used in packaging. Multilayers, overwrapping, and complex assemblies should be avoided. The goal is to create simple and efficient packaging that requires fewer resources for its manufacture and recycling.

Reuse

Packaging must be designed for maximum reuse. This means they must be robust and withstand several cycles of use without degrading. The durability of materials is essential to ensure that packaging can be reused many times before becoming waste. This approach extends the lifespan of packaging and reduces the demand for new materials.

Recycle

Packaging must be recyclable, ideally made from a single material or easily separable materials.

The integration of recycled materials into the production of new packaging is also a priority. By studying the impact of integrating recycled aluminum, Tournaire is investing to contribute to reducing the extraction of raw materials and preserving natural resources.

Recycling is a major issue, but there are technical barriers to ensure the mechanical performance of packaging and thus ensure the physical protection of materials. Tournaire must also ensure the maintenance of the chemical integrity of client products. Thus, the chemical neutrality of the packaging is a major issue in this evolution.

Towards a Sustainable and Responsible Future

The AGEC law represents a significant step towards a more circular and sustainable economy in France. By emphasizing waste reduction, reuse, and recycling, this legislation encourages businesses and consumers to adopt more responsible practices.

Aluminum packaging, such as that produced by Tournaire, is particularly well-suited to these new requirements due to its lightness, durability, and recyclability. By adopting more sustainable economic models and complying with new regulations, companies can not only reduce their environmental impact but also meet the growing consumer expectations for sustainability.

Tournaire’s Response

The technical constraints associated with packaging hazardous materials being more rigorous, environmental requirements are sometimes relaxed. It may be more prudent to opt for packaging with a less controlled carbon footprint, but which ensures better protection of the environment against the hazardous materials packaged, rather than non-polluting packaging that could pose a risk of environmental contamination by these substances.

Although requirements may be slightly more flexible, the main goal remains to protect both the environment from hazardous materials and these materials from the environment, while controlling the carbon footprint of the packaging solution. Tournaire ensures that its packaging, approved for the transport of hazardous materials, meets essential safety standards while controlling the environmental impact of its solutions, as evidenced by the innovative OMNI PLUS range.

OMNI PLUS

Presentation of OMNI PLUS

The OMNI PLUS range from Tournaire embodies the excellence of sustainable and high-performance packaging. Carefully designed, this range uses pure aluminum, thus meeting modern requirements for weight reduction and material minimization. Thanks to the flexibility of aluminum, OMNI PLUS eliminates the need for overwrapping in most cases, reducing the ecological cost of manufacturing. Thus, with this range, Tournaire aligns with the AGEC law and the 3 R’s.

OMNI PLUS, true to its ecological commitment, continues to reduce its weight while maintaining its robustness, notably with a 7% reduction in the total weight of the most sold solution compared to its Système Plus equivalent. Aluminum, the central material of this range, allows energy-efficient transformation, thus minimizing the ecological footprint of production. Moreover, the reduction in the number of components used in the packaging solution and their easy separation also simplifies the recycling process, contributing to an efficient circular economy.

The design of OMNI PLUS cans also facilitates their recycling. The separation between plastic and aluminum components optimizes the recycling process, thus reducing environmental costs. This approach ensures that each material can be treated optimally, maximizing recycling efficiency.

Furthermore, by investing in solutions that integrate recycled materials, Tournaire demonstrates its commitment to reducing raw material extraction and preserving natural resources while facilitating the recycling of already extracted resources.

The OMNI PLUS range from Tournaire represents an innovative and sustainable response to the challenges posed by technical packaging. By reducing packaging weight, enabling reuse, and facilitating recycling, Tournaire strives not only to protect the environment but also to meet the strict safety and performance requirements of its clients. This pioneering and proactive approach places Tournaire at the forefront of modern packaging solutions, proving its unwavering commitment to excellence and sustainability.

Tournaire continues to anticipate its clients’ future needs, offering solutions that combine safety, performance, and environmental respect. The OMNI PLUS range is a testament to this vision, marking a significant milestone in the history of industrial technical packaging and confirming Tournaire as a leading player in this field.

Conclusion

Our History

In conclusion, the history of Tournaire, from the copper era to the advent of aluminum, demonstrates the company’s capacity for innovation and adaptation. Tournaire has met the challenges of each era by adopting increasingly efficient and environmentally friendly materials and processes.

Today, thanks to the OMNI PLUS range, Tournaire continues to lead the way in sustainable and high-performance packaging. Aluminum, with its lightness, flexibility, and infinite recyclability, allows Tournaire to offer packaging solutions that not only reduce the carbon footprint but also ensure optimal safety for the most sensitive and hazardous materials.

Our Commitment

Tournaire’s commitment to innovation and sustainability is also reflected in its compliance with regulations such as the AGEC law and its anticipation of future regulations such as PPWR and Pfas, for example. Tournaire is fully engaged in a circular economy approach.

The future of technical packaging lies in solutions that combine performance and environmental respect. Tournaire, with its OMNI PLUS range, is at the forefront of this evolution, bringing packaging for the most sensitive materials closer to carbon neutrality.

By continuing to innovate and adapt to its clients’ needs, Tournaire proves that it is possible to reconcile technical excellence and environmental responsibility. It is this pioneering vision that allows Tournaire to remain a key player in packaging solutions, anticipating the challenges of tomorrow while meeting the demands of today.

Appendices

Glossary: Key Terms

Aluminum: A lightweight metal resistant to corrosion, offering excellent sealing and container integrity. It is infinitely recyclable without losing its mechanical properties.

Coppersmith: An artisan specialized in working with copper and metals to make utensils, stills, and other containers.

Transport

Estagnon: A metal container, initially made of copper, used to store and transport essential oils and other sensitive materials.

Recyclability: The ability of a material to be reused after processing to make new products, thus reducing the carbon footprint and use of natural resources.

Barrier properties of packaging: The ability of a material to protect its content from light, moisture, odors, and aromas, thus preserving the quality and freshness of packaged products.

Food safety: Ensuring that packaging materials do not chemically interact with food, maintaining its taste, smell, and safety.

AGEC Law (Anti-Waste for a Circular Economy): French legislation aimed at promoting a circular economy, reducing waste, and encouraging recycling and product reuse.

Circular economy: An economic system aimed at minimizing waste and maximizing reuse, repair, recycling, and the durability of products and materials.

UN Number (United Nations Organization): A unique identification code assigned to each hazardous substance, defining its nature and associated risks.

Transport of hazardous materials: A set of rules and practices to ensure safety when moving substances that may pose risks to health, safety, or the environment.

ISO Certification: An international standard indicating that an organization meets quality and environmental management requirements.

Cleanliness (Three levels at Tournaire):

• Microbiological cleanliness: Monitoring and control of living contaminants to ensure sterility.
• Chemical cleanliness: Monitoring levels of chemical pollutants to maintain unmatched chemical cleanliness.
• Particulate cleanliness: Monitoring significant particle sizes to ensure content purity.

Sealing: The ability of packaging to prevent leaks or exposure of its content.

Pressure resistance: The ability of packaging to withstand internal or external pressures without failure.

Compliance and Performance: For Tournaire, regulatory compliance is considered a minimum. The company goes beyond by focusing on performance, taking additional safety margins to provide peace of mind to clients. Tournaire also anticipates future stricter standards, ensuring that its clients remain compliant and ahead of regulatory requirements.

Inviolability and anti-counterfeiting: Characteristics of packaging designed to prevent unauthorized opening or tampering with the content.

Environment

Sustainability: The practice of using resources in a way that does not compromise the needs of future generations.

Social responsibility: The commitment of a company to act ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life for employees and society.

Life cycle analysis: An assessment of the environmental impact of a product throughout its life cycle, from production to disposal.

References and Sources: For Further Reading

Sources

1. Aluminum Recycling Factsheet
2. Properties of Aluminum from studies in metallurgy and materials engineering.
3. Certified packaging for the transport of hazardous materials (TMD)
4. Infinitely Recyclable

These sources provide a comprehensive understanding of aluminum’s properties, hazardous material transport regulations, and sustainable practices adopted by Tournaire to meet environmental and industrial requirements.

Want to Know More? Contact Tournaire Experts

Our guide has offered you an in-depth overview of hazardous materials transport and Tournaire’s excellence in providing secure and innovative packaging solutions. If you wish to explore in more detail how our products and services can meet your specific needs, we are here to help.

Our experts are at your disposal for a personalized consultation.

Visit our contact form to let us know your needs and questions. A member of our team will respond as soon as possible to provide expert advice tailored to your industrial context.

Tournaire is committed to providing not only high-quality products but also support and expertise that makes a difference. Contact us today to move your project forward with a partner you can count on.

CERTIFIED PACKAGING FOR HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

The transportation of hazardous materials is a critical and complex aspect of modern logistics, involving a multitude of factors such as regulation, safety, the environment, and technology. The significance of this activity is underscored by its role in sustaining our daily way of life, from the fuel powering our vehicles to the chemicals essential for various industries.

This practical guide has been developed to provide the most comprehensive and detailed overview possible on the various aspects of hazardous materials transportation. It aims to educate, inform, and guide professionals manufacturing or using hazardous materials or sensitive substances, logistics specialists, transportation companies, and any other stakeholders involved in this complex process.

Understanding the Complexities of Hazardous Materials Transportation

The Fundamentals of Hazardous Materials Transportation:

This section delves into the definitions of hazardous materials, the international and national regulations governing them, and the responsibilities of various stakeholders involved. Particular attention will be paid to the identification and classification of hazardous materials, crucial for their safe handling and transportation.

Certified Packaging:

Detailing the types of packaging used for the transportation of hazardous materials, with a special focus on aluminum solutions, our area of expertise. This part will address the advantages, specifications, and standards related to these packaging’s, highlighting why and how they ensure optimal safety.

Testing and Certification:

Here, we will discuss the testing and certification processes for packaging, essential to ensure compliance with safety standards. A focus will be placed on understanding and interpreting UN numbers, a critical aspect to ensure adherence to regulatory standards.

Tournaire and Its Innovative Solutions:

Introducing Tournaire, a leader in the field of UN certified aluminum packaging solutions. We will explore how Tournaire integrates innovation, performance, sustainability, support, and a global presence into its products and services.

Through this guide, we hope to not only provide essential information but also promote best practices, thus contributing to a safer and more responsible hazardous materials transportation industry. This article does not replace the internal rules specific to the company or the local, regional, or international regulations, which have the force of law. This guide is provided for informational purposes only and does not imply liability on the part of Tournaire.

The Fundamentals of Hazardous Materials Packaging and Transportation

Definitions and Regulations

The transportation of hazardous materials is a vital aspect of the modern industry, impacting numerous sectors from energy production to the manufacturing of chemicals and pharmaceuticals. These materials, due to their inherently sensitive properties, require strict safety measures set forth by national or international regulations, especially for their storage and transportation. This section outlines hazardous materials, their categorization, their role in the industry, and the importance of securing them during transport.

What is a Hazardous Material?

A hazardous material is defined by any substance that could pose a significant risk to health, safety, or the environment if not handled or transported correctly. These substances can be classified into different categories based on their nature and the type of hazard they present. Categories include explosive, flammable, toxic, corrosive, radioactive substances, among others. These classifications are crucial for determining appropriate safety measures and transportation protocols.

The Role of Hazardous Materials in Industry

Hazardous materials play a crucial role in a multitude of industries. For example, chemicals used in the manufacturing of medications are often classified as hazardous due to their toxicity, especially when concentrated. Similarly, the oil and gas industries rely on the secure transportation of flammable and explosive substances. Lithium batteries, widely used in electronic devices and vehicles, are another example of hazardous materials due to their potential for spontaneous ignition.

The Importance of Safe Transportation

Transporting these materials presents unique challenges and requires a high degree of responsibility and strict quality management to ensure regulatory compliance. Inadequate transportation can lead to serious accidents, environmental damage, and significant economic losses. Therefore, adhering to stringent standards, such as those established by the European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) and those set by other national or global regulatory bodies, is imperative.

Safety in the Transportation of Hazardous Materials

Safety in transporting hazardous materials is not limited to accident prevention. It also includes protecting workers, neighboring communities, and the environment. This encompasses practices such as proper staff training, the use of certified special packaging, adherence to transport quantity limits, and the implementation of emergency procedures in the event of an incident.

In summary, hazardous materials are ubiquitous in modern industry, and their secure transportation is critical for accident prevention and environmental protection. This reality underscores the importance of understanding the fundamentals of hazardous materials transportation.

Key Regulations for the Transportation of Hazardous Materials

The transportation of hazardous materials is governed by strict regulations at the international (UN), regional (EU), and national levels. These standards are crucial for ensuring the safety of individuals, environmental protection, and the prevention of risks associated with the transportation of these substances. In this section, we will examine the main regulations that govern this field, with a focus on the ADR (European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road) and other relevant regulatory frameworks.

The ADR: An International Standard

The ADR, established in 1957 and updated in 2023, is primarily a European agreement (with 50 signatory countries) that sets international guidelines for the road transportation of hazardous materials. Its aim is to harmonize safety rules for transporting these substances across member countries, thus ensuring uniform practices and reducing the risk of accidents. More information can be found on the UN/ECE website which compiles various regulations.

Key Points of the ADR:

1. Classification of Hazardous Materials: The ADR defines 9 different classes of hazardous materials, ranging from explosives to radioactive substances. This classification is crucial for determining appropriate safety measures.
2. Packaging and Labeling Requirements: The ADR prescribes specific standards for the packaging and labeling of hazardous materials, ensuring that risks are clearly communicated and that packaging is robust and secure.
3. Staff Training: The agreement emphasizes the need for proper training of drivers and all personnel involved in the transportation and handling of hazardous materials, including awareness of risks and knowledge of emergency procedures.
4. Documentation and Transport Procedures: The ADR requires detailed documents to accompany the transport of hazardous materials, describing the nature of the goods, precautionary measures, and contact information in case of emergency.

Other National and International Regulations

In addition to the ADR, several other agreements or regulatory bodies play a significant role in controlling the transport of hazardous materials. Here are a few:

1. RID (Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail): Similar to the ADR but specific to rail transport.
2. IMDG (International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code): Regulates the transport of hazardous materials by sea.
3. IATA and ICAO for Air Transport: These organizations establish standards for the transport of hazardous materials by air.
4. National Regulations: Each country may have its own laws and regulations that complement or reinforce international standards like the ADR, such as the DOT in the USA previously.

Impact on Safety and Risk Prevention

The strict enforcement of these regulations significantly impacts the safety of hazardous materials transportation. By establishing clear and uniform standards, they help prevent accidents and incidents while ensuring the protection of workers, the public, and the environment. Furthermore, they facilitate international trade by providing a common framework for the cross-border transportation of these substances.

In conclusion, regulations like the ADR play a crucial role in securing the transportation of hazardous materials. They are the cornerstone of a safer and more responsible global and local transportation system, essential for the effective management, handling, and safe transport of these high-risk materials.

Classification of Hazardous Materials

The classification of hazardous materials is a key element in managing the risk associated with their transportation. It enables the quick identification of the nature of hazards and the implementation of appropriate preventive and response measures. The different classes define specific risk categories, thereby guiding decisions regarding the packaging, storage, transportation, and handling of these substances.

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  Class 1: Explosive Materials and Objects

  Definition: Substances, derivatives of substances, or combinations of substances that, through a chemical reaction, can release gases at high speed, pressure, and temperature, creating a risk of explosion. These materials require specific packaging to minimize risks.

  Sub-classes:

  1. Mass explosion hazard.
  2. Projection hazard without mass explosion risk.
  3. Fire hazard with minor blast or projection effect.

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  Class 2: Gases

  Definition: Compressed, liquefied, or dissolved under pressure gases, presenting various risks depending on their flammability, toxicity, or potential to cause asphyxiation.

  Sub-classes:

  1. Flammable gases that can ignite quickly.
  2. Non-flammable, non-toxic gases that can cause asphyxiation.
  3. Toxic gases that can cause serious health effects.

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  Class 3: Flammable Liquids

  Definition: Liquids or mixtures that release flammable vapors at temperatures below 60°C, posing a fire risk.

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  Class 4: Flammable Solids and Substances Dangerous When Wet

  Sub-classes:

  1. Flammable Solids: These are solid substances that, under normal conditions, are likely to ignite easily after brief contact with an ignition source, such as friction, and continue to burn or smolder after the source of ignition is removed.
  2. Substances Liable to Spontaneous Combustion: These are substances that can ignite spontaneously in the presence of air without an ignition source, like exposure to ambient air.
  3. Substances that, in Contact with Water, Emit Flammable Gases: This group includes substances that, by reacting with water, can release flammable gases in dangerous quantities.

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  Class 5: Oxidizing Substances and Organic Peroxides

  Sub-classes:

  1. Oxidizing Substances: These substances can cause or intensify a fire by releasing oxygen. They may also react violently with other substances, especially flammable ones.
  2. Organic Peroxides: Generally, these are organic compounds containing the bivalent -O-O- structure. They are thermally unstable and may undergo self-accelerating exothermic decomposition. Some may be sensitive to impact or friction.

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  Class 6: Toxic and Infectious Substances

  Sub-classes:

  1. Toxic Substances: These substances can cause acute or chronic effects, or even death, when ingested, inhaled, or come into contact with the skin.
  2. Infectious Substances: These are substances containing pathogens (bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi) that can cause diseases to humans or animals.

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  Class 7: Radioactive Materials

  Definition: Contains radionuclides which the concentration or activity exceeds exemption levels.

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  Class 8: Corrosive Materials

  Definition: Can cause severe damage to living tissues and corrode metals.

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  Class 9: Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods

  Definition: Materials and objects presenting various hazards that do not fit the criteria of the other classes.

Importance of Classification for Safety

The precise classification of hazardous materials plays a crucial role in the prevention of accidents and incidents. It directly influences the methods of preparation, packaging, and transportation, as well as emergency procedures in the event of an incident. Understanding and adhering to this classification are essential for all parties involved in the transportation chain of hazardous materials.

Certified Packaging for Hazardous Materials

The safe transportation of hazardous materials requires the use of certified packaging specifically designed to minimize the risks associated with these substances. It is possible to certify substances of different natures: solids or liquids across the 9 classes of hazardous materials.

Types of Certified Packaging

Type A Packaging:

These packages are primarily used for transporting radioactive materials that do not generate significant amounts of heat. According to the specifications of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), they are designed to withstand normal transportation conditions without releasing radioactive content.

Type B Packaging:

These are intended to contain more hazardous radioactive materials, such as those used in nuclear reactors. These packages are designed to withstand severe accidents during transport, including fires, submersion underwater, and falls. The IAEA regulations specify strict criteria for their design and testing.

Type C Packaging:

Specifically designed for air transport, these packages are used for highly active radioactive materials. They must meet extremely rigorous requirements, including the ability to withstand high pressures and extreme temperatures.

Drums, Jerricans, and IBC Containers:

These versatile packages are used for various classes of hazardous materials. Their design varies depending on the nature of the content – drums for liquids, jerricans for small volumes, and IBC containers for larger volumes. They are chosen based on their material, capacity, and resistance to transportation conditions.

Aluminum Packaging:

Aluminum offers unique advantages for the transportation of hazardous materials. It is strong, lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and ensures excellent seal and container integrity. These characteristics make aluminum packaging ideal for a wide range of hazardous materials, from flammable liquids to corrosive substances.

Standards and Certification of Packaging for Hazardous Materials

Packaging Selection and Customization

The choice of packaging for hazardous materials is guided by the flow of goods, the type of product to be packaged, and its final use. Depending on the requirements, different types of packaging and certifications are used. For example, Bulk Chemicals require Large Bulk Containers (IBCs) of 1000L that travel without overpackaging with “stand alone packaging” type certifications, while finished products are often packaged for transport in “combination packaging,” for example, metal flasks, which are then placed in cardboard boxes for transport. In the latter case, the “box and can” set is certified.

The “stand alone” certification requires higher performance criteria. Recently, for sensitive products and medium-sized packaging, it is common to require both stand alone and combination certification, even if these packages are always transported in boxes. This dual certification is considered a safety guarantee, especially at the end of the supply chain, which constitutes a sales argument.

Every industry, especially in the chemical and pharmaceutical sectors, incorporates the Dangerous Goods Transportation (DGT) regulations into the packaging specifications, requiring constant and reliable expertise and certified suppliers.

Testing and Certification of Packaging

Certification Process

Packaging intended for the transportation of hazardous materials, as well as packaging manufacturers, are subject to a rigorous certification process to ensure compliance with international safety standards. These two processes are essential to guarantee that these packaging’s can withstand the challenges and constraints of transportation environments without compromising the safety of people and the environment. Only organizations officially recognized by the authorities can issue Approval Certificates, which are indispensable for the transportation of dangerous goods and to conduct audits on the holders of these certificates. It is crucial to ensure, when purchasing and selling certified packaging, that the Approval Certificates are valid and up-to-date.

Conformity Assessment

Initially, each packaging is assessed for its drop resistance, seal integrity, and pressure tolerance. These tests are of uppermost importance, especially for aluminum packaging, chosen for its lightness and corrosion resistance, frequently used in the transportation of hazardous materials.

Selection of Packaging and Overpacks

Before testing, a careful selection of packaging types and sizes, and overpacks is made based on the flow and type of hazardous material to be transported (solid, liquid, gas). This choice also depends on the classification of the packaged product and its final use. The range of packaging and overpacks is vast: for bulk transport, Large Bulk Containers (IBCs) such as 1000L pallet boxes are common, as well as metal drums from 30L to 200L, and for smaller flows of sensitive materials, aluminum cans and bottles from 5L to 32L. For finished products, smaller packaging such as metal bottles and flasks are used, which can be grouped in cardboard boxes for protection during transport.

Determination of the UN Code and Hazard Group

A key step in the process is determining the UN code for each chemical component of the product. These codes are found in tables within the ADR and other regulations. They define the product’s associated constraints and hazard group:

• Group I : Very dangerous materials
• Group II : Moderately dangerous materials
• Group III : Less dangerous materials

Role of Accredited Laboratories

In France, accredited laboratories such as APAVE, BVT, LNE et LEREM, play a decisive role in the certification of packaging. A list of accredited bodies can be consulted on French Ministry of Ecology’s website. These institutions perform a series of mandatory tests, including seal integrity, drop, pressure resistance, and stacking tests, to ensure that the packaging meets the strict safety requirements defined by international agreements. The BAM in Germany is another renowned laboratory in this field. Accredited laboratories are also responsible for regularly auditing the holders of Approval Certificates, issuing a Certificate of Conformity on these occasions, confirming that the company has implemented the manufacturing and quality control measures to comply with regulatory prescriptions related to packaging for the transportation of hazardous materials. Only these accredited laboratories are able to issue Certificates of Conformity and UN Approval Certificates which are recognized worldwide.

Obtaining the UN Number

Once the tests have been passed, a Certificate of Approval with its unique UN number is assigned to the unitary or combined packaging, specifying materials, types and components of packaging, method of assembly, hazard group, maximum permitted density and pressure, as well as other crucial technical information. This Certificate and the UN number are a guarantee of conformity and reliability for end users, transporters and the authorities of each country crossed.

Key role of Certification

The certification process and adherence to the instructions in the Approval Certificate ensure that the packaging used for the transportation of hazardous materials is suitable for its content and mode of transport, thereby reducing the risks of accidents or contamination during transport. It is essential that these procedures are rigorously followed to maintain the high safety standards required in the hazardous materials transportation field.

This certification process for packaging and packaging suppliers ensures that the packaging not only meets safety requirements but also the specific needs of industries that rely on these materials for their daily operations.

UN Certification Renewal

The renewal of UN certifications is an essential step to ensure the compliance of packaging dedicated to the transportation of hazardous materials. These certifications, generally valid for a period of five years, must be renewed to guarantee adherence to the most recent safety standards. This process involves periodic testing and reevaluation of the packaging to confirm its durability and integrity. Regular monitoring is crucial to maintain quality and safety standards and to adapt to the sector’s technological and regulatory developments.

Understanding UN Numbers

After testing, laboratories assign a UN number on the Approval Certificate, which must appear alongside the hazard pictograms on the primary packaging for individual certification and on the grouping carton for combined packaging. This number encodes essential information, which is important to know and master in detail to ensure its compliance with the transported product.

For instance, in the aforementioned case next to the UN (United Nations) logo, the identification “1B1/Y1,2/250/21/F/BVT 202121/TOU.” should be deciphered as follows:

• The type of packaging (e.g., 1B1 for a partially openable aluminum packaging),
• The hazard group (X for Groups I, II, or III; Y for Groups II and III; Z for Group III only),
• The density here is 1.2 or the maximum approved mass for solid product certifications,
• The test pressure in kPA – here 250, equivalent to 2.5 bar,
• The manufacturing year – here 2021,
• The manufacturing country here F for France,
• The identifying laboratory here BVT that conducted the tests and the report number,
• The manufacturer’s identification – here “Tou” for Tournaire.

Each segment of this number thus provides essential information on the physical limits of the product to be packaged and on the packaging’s compliance, thereby ensuring safe and regulatory transport of hazardous materials.

Which Partner for the Packaging and the Transportation of Your Hazardous Materials?

The transportation of hazardous materials is a demanding field that requires highly qualified partners, certified by governmental bodies, thus capable of mastering the technical and regulatory constraints specific to this sector. These partners must have a deep understanding of the various types of packaging and overpacks, as well as the transported products, and constantly stay up-to-date with UN and ADR regulations, even anticipating major evolutions.

When choosing a supplier for hazardous materials packaging, you can opt for a manufacturer or distributor, depending on your specific needs. A distributor offers a wide range of certified packaging in stock and provides the necessary approval certificates, ensuring the validity and compliance of the used packaging.

Manufacturers bring deep technical expertise, thanks to a long history in the industry or through their specialization in certain categories of packaging or materials. These players offer a wide variety of certified packaging, as well as the ability to create customized solutions to meet specific needs. With their experience in designing and manufacturing packaging, these manufacturers ensure strict adherence to quality and safety standards through procedures regularly checked by accredited organizations and their clients.

Tournaire – Leader in Aluminum Packaging Solutions

Our History & Experience

Tournaire, established in 1833, is recognized for its expertise in aluminum packaging solutions, especially in the transportation of hazardous materials. Innovation, at the heart of their strategy, is reflected in their avant-garde approach to metal forming and surface treatment. This technical expertise allows for the development of packaging that meets stringent safety and performance requirements.

Tournaire’s reputation is built on its commitment to excellence and quality. The seamless aluminum packaging, lightweight and durable, offers an optimal solution for the safe transportation of hazardous materials, thus minimizing the risks of leakage or contamination.

Our Commitment

Tournaire’s commitment to sustainability and social responsibility is deeply embedded in its operations. Protecting people and products is at the core of this approach, recognizing that securing hazardous materials directly contributes to environmental protection. In doing so, Tournaire works not only for immediate safety but also for the preservation of the environment for future generations.

Tournaire’s customer service is remarkable, offering comprehensive support from material selection to compatibility testing, through regulatory support. Their ability to maintain a large inventory and adaptive logistics ensures the continuous availability of packaging solutions, a critical aspect in the field of hazardous materials.

Their global presence, supported by a rich history and ISO 9001 and 14001 certifications, attests to their expertise and reliability. Tournaire stands out for its ability to offer customized solutions for the transportation of sensitive materials, strictly adhering to UN and ADR standards to ensure safe transport in compliance with international regulations.

About us

In summary, Tournaire embodies the balance between innovation, technical expertise, social responsibility, and commitment to quality and sustainability. Their holistic approach to the transportation of hazardous materials, focused on safety, efficiency, and environmental protection, positions them as a partner of choice in this highly demanding sector.

Conclusion

Managing the transportation of hazardous materials is a significant concern for safety, environmental preservation, and value protection. We hope this purely informative guide has shed light on the importance of a thorough understanding of all aspects of this complex process. It indeed spans from the classification and regulation of hazardous materials to the strict requirements for packaging and certification. By emphasizing the importance of the appropriate selection of packaging, especially aluminum for its robustness and safety, we have underscored the importance of choosing solutions that are adapted and compliant with regulatory requirements.

Tournaire, with its rich history and recognized expertise in the manufacturing of seamless aluminum, positions itself as a vital partner in resolving issues related to the transportation of hazardous materials. Our commitment to innovation, quality, sustainability, and social responsibility reflects our mission to protect not only the hazardous materials themselves but also the people and environment surrounding them.

Ultimately, understanding and managing the transportation of hazardous materials is crucial for ensuring safety and preserving our planet. At Tournaire, we are dedicated to supporting our clients in these challenges by providing reliable and innovative packaging solutions, tailored to their specific needs. Our expertise, derived from over 190 years of experience, is the guarantee of a solid and lasting partnership, for a safer and more responsible future.

Appendices

Glossary: Key to Understanding

Materials

Hazardous Material: A substance that poses a potential significant risk to health, safety, or the environment if not properly handled or transported.

Explosive/Flammable/Toxic/Corrosive/Radioactive Substances: Categories of hazardous materials classified according to the nature of the danger they present.

The Transport

ADR (European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road): An international agreement governing the road transportation of hazardous materials, aimed at standardizing safety regulations at the European level.

IMDG (International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code): International rules governing the transportation of hazardous materials by sea.

IATA (International Air Transport Association): An international organization establishing standards for air transportation, including the transportation of hazardous materials.

RID (Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail): Regulation governing the rail transportation of hazardous materials, similar to ADR but specific to rail.

Certified Packagings

Certified Packaging: A container designed for the transportation of hazardous materials, certified to comply with international safety standards.

Seamless (or one-piece / monobloc) Packaging: A type of packaging manufactured in a single piece, without joints or welds, offering increased safety and integrity for the contents.

UN Number (United Nations Organization): A unique identification code assigned to each hazardous substance, defining its nature and associated risks.

IBC (Intermediate Bulk Container): A large container used for the bulk transportation and storage of liquids, solids, or semi-solids.

Type A/B/C Packaging: Categories of packaging for radioactive materials, classified based on their strength and ability to withstand extreme conditions.

ISO Certification: An international standard indicating that an organization meets quality and environmental management requirements.

Cleanliness (Three levels at Tournaire):

• Microbiological Cleanliness: Monitoring and control of living contaminants to ensure sterility.
• Chemical Cleanliness: Monitoring of chemical pollutant levels to maintain unmatched chemical cleanliness.
• Particulate Cleanliness: Monitoring of significant size particles to ensure the purity of the contents.

Seal Integrity: The ability of packaging to prevent leaks or exposure of its contents.

Pressure Resistance: The ability of packaging to withstand internal or external pressures without failure.

Compliance and Performance: For Tournaire, compliance with regulations is considered a minimum. The company goes beyond by focusing on performance, taking additional safety margins to provide peace of mind to clients. Tournaire also anticipates stricter future standards, thus ensuring its clients remain compliant and ahead of regulatory requirements.

Tamper-evidence and Anti-counterfeiting: Features of packaging designed to prevent unauthorized opening or falsification of the contents.

L’Environnement

Sustainability: The practice of using resources in a way that does not compromise the needs of future generations.

Social Responsibility: : A company’s commitment to act ethically and to contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of employees and society.

Life Cycle Analysis: Evaluation of the environmental impact of a product throughout its lifespan, from production to disposal.

References and Sources: For Further Reading

Sources

1. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) for the design criteria of Type A, B, and C packaging.
2. ADR regulations for the specifications of drums, jerricans, and IBC containers.
3. Properties of aluminum based on studies in metallurgy and materials engineering.
4. • Regulation of the Transportation of Dangerous Goods (TDG)
5. Packaging Approval Procedures by Accredited Laboratories (BVT, LNE, LEREM, BAM)

6. International Standards on UN Codes for the Packaging of Dangerous Goods

7. • Regulation of the transportation of dangerous goods French Ministry of Ecological Transition

8. Dangerous Goods – TMD Bretagne

9. • The 9 Classes of Dangerous Goods – CCOHS

10. • Regulation (EU) 2020/878 – EUR-Lex

11. Official website of the European Commission

12. Official website of the UN

13. Official website of IATA

14. Official website of ADR

15. Official website of RID (Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail)

16. Official website of the IMDG(International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code)

These sources provide detailed and up-to-date information on regulations and practices concerning the transportation of dangerous goods, ensuring a solid foundation for understanding the sector’s complexities.

Want to Learn More? Contact the Tournaire Experts

Our guide has provided you with a comprehensive overview of the transportation of dangerous goods and Tournaire’s excellence in delivering secure and innovative packaging solutions. If you wish to delve deeper into how our products and services can meet your specific needs, we are here to assist.

Our experts are available for personalized consultations.

Visit our contact form to share your needs and questions. A member of our team will respond as soon as possible to provide expert advice, tailored to your industrial context.

Tournaire is committed to not only providing high-quality products but also support and expertise that make a difference. Contact us today to advance your project with a partner you can trust.